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Free educational movie
Cannabis Education
a basic look at
cannabis products
Production of cannabis:
There is a lot to learn, know and experience about the production of cannabis.
Outdoor, Indoor, Greenhouse, Light Deprivation:
Outdoor-grown cannabis is generally grown in climates that are suitable for this plant such as Oregon, Northern California and areas of other states with cooler, rainier climates. The plants are kept outdoors allowing for natural light cycles and kept in nature as part of the growing process. The plants are either hand watered or the grower may use an automated watering system. Like all plants, the cultivator either uses chemically and artificially produced nutrients to nourish the plants or they may make their own, often called "compost tea" from organic and natural ingredients. The plants grow extremely large, resembling a tree rather than a plant.
Indoor-grown cannabis generally requires a very clean, sealed, temperature and climate-controlled environment. It also requires air intake and ventilation. Indoor grown cannabis uses an artificial lighting system since the plants have zero access to the sun and a natural environment. Plants are either grown hydroponically (in water) or in soil or other growing medium. These systems are usually regulated with a set number of hours of light per day depending on where the plant is currently in its growth cycle. The water system is usually regulated as well as the lights with automated timers. All of these factors affect how much flower the plant produces, the quality, potency and color of the flowers as well as the smell of them. Indoor growing has been said to put the plants under an unnatural amount of stress, causing them to produce more trichomes (the THC crystals on the plant).
Greenhouse and Light-Deprivation-grown cannabis is grown outdoors, more in the natural environment, while still sheltered from some sun cycles and other elements. Light-depravation grown is usually covered during part of the day, kept in complete dark and then uncovered during specific hours. This give an outdoor grown plant a little more of the indoor "benefits" of the extra trichomes produced by forced control of light.
Many people believe that indoor grown plants are superior to outdoor or greenhouse because they are in a controlled environment and usually have higher potency, while others prefer naturally grown plants because of the energy and feeling they receive when consuming the flowers. In the end, it really is a preference, not a fact that one is "better" than the other.
Concentrates:
Type, extraction methods, texture,color and potency
Types of Concentrates include hash, shatter, crumble, wax, oil, live resin, RSO, kief, moonrocks, caviar and many more are appearing on the market consistently. They are all concentrated versions of cannabis flowers. The difference between them is their texture, how you consume them, their color and consistency. They are all extremely potent compared to the natural flower.
Hash is the original concentrate. It is most often produced with cold water, and creates a very clean and potent product. It is a bit soft in texture and can be smoked, usually with a small amount on top of cannabis flowers.
Shatter has been the recent most popular version of a concentrate until the recent arrival of live resin and some others. Shatter is a glass-like slab of oil that shatters like glass and is usually translucent.
Crumble is shatter that is whipped and turned into a softer slab of oil that is more creamy in texture rather than frozen into a hard slab.
Wax can refer to almost any concentrate and is often used when a concentrate produces a consistency that doesn't necessarily fall into one of the well known categories.
Oil is the cannabis concentrate in a more liquid form. Most concentrates start out as oil and then have additional processed performed on them to create their unique consistency. It is often found in cartridges for vape pens.
RSO (Rick Simpson Oil) is a dark, black, thick oil that is created with either flowers or trim and solvents (varies with each producer) and creates a "medicinal oil" which has been used by many people, including Rick Simpson to heal cancer and other health issues. It is very potent, requiring beginners to start with the size of a tip of a grain of rice and working their way up to higher dosages for a specified amount of time for cancer treatment.
Kief is the powder including some trichomes that fall off the plant when it is trimmed and when using a grinder. These ultra-fine particles contain high amounts of THC and are sought after because the casual consumer doesn't have access to much of it. It is in abundance for cultivators since they usually use a screen when trimming and collect a large amount of it.
Often called by different names, moonrocks, caviar and others refer to the layering of cannabis products in one final product. Moonrocks involve a nug/flower/bud of cannabis to be covered partially or completely in wax concentrate and rolled in kief.
Caviar and other names refer to rolling cannabis flowers in paper (called a preroll or joint) and drizzling wax concentrate over it in some areas and often, but not always, rolling the final product in kief.
Extraction Methods
There are several methods of extracting the THC, CBD and other compounds from the flowers, leaves, stalk and other parts of the plant.
Juicing is performed on the roots and stalk primarily for a fresh approach to concenrates.
Cold Water extraction is done on things like hash using bags and a vat of ice water.
BHO is the use of butane to extract the compounds and is later removed from the product leaving it supposedly clean and pure.
C02 is a gas extraction, thought to be cleaner than BHO by many people.
Live Resin refers to the extraction of the cannabis oils while the plant is still "alive" through flash freezing the plant. This leaves the entire plant devoid of any thc and therefore basically useless except for this extract. Some people like it while others find it wasteful. It's similar or the extraction of essential oils where only a few drops may be obtained from an entire plant.
Rosin is a method of solvent-less extraction using heat and pressure.
Texture of concentrates is determined by the method of creation. It all basically begins as plant material and then is developed into shatter, wax, budder, crumble, hash, etc. Hash is like putty or it can be dried and powdered. Crumble is generally smooth and whipped, but can be sugary as well. Budder and wax are generally creamy or sugary and shatter is like a smooth piece of glass.
Color of concentrates ranges from clear to very dark amber. Clearer does not necessarily mean it is higher quality. It CAN indicate that the product was not properly produced or purged, but most of the time this is NOT the case.There are several things that can cause the color to be different. The first, is the strain. Each strain will produce a specific color of concentrate depending on it's specific genetics. Second, is the maturity of the trichomes at the time of processing. Third is how much of the desired components are in the final product. You want a clean product but you also want plenty of the active compounds in tact and over processing will leave a clear, beautiful product void of any smell, taste or effects. Fourth, how the plants were grown and harvested matters. Plants grown with chemicals produce oil with the same. The dirtier the plant, the dirtier the oil.
Potency of all concentrates is significantly higher than flowers. While flowers generally range from 10%-25% (there are exceptions with award winning growers making them even more potent) with the average being 15-22, concentrates contain typically more like 50+% THC content.
Edibles:
Extracts, ingredients and method of preparation
Edibles or medibles refers to the edible form of cannabis, often infused into food, candy and tinctures.
Edibles are very potent and have different effects than smoking or vaping cannabis. Edibles generally require more time to "kick in" and last longer, sometimes for hours. It is advised when having any edible for the first time to look at the dosage, amount of cannabis contained in the product and start slowly on your first dose. After an hour it is advised to consume more if you aren't feeling the desired effects.
Edibles can be made with cannabis flowers, leaves or concentrates. One or more of these can be added (usually in a specified amount requiring an alchemical formulation) to the food or tincture.
Ingredients in an edible or tincture can be healthy or unhealthy depending on who is making them and what their goal is. Most people want solvent-less edibles for more purity. Whether the ingredients are natural, organic and wholesome is another factor. Some people use vegetable glycerin (VG) in tinctures, others use alcohol and some use a chemical called propylene glycol (PG) which is something many health-aware people avoid completely. Reading the ingredients and knowing how your edible was made is very important.
Preparation methods include whether the product is raw, cold distilled, heated, cooked, baked and at what temperature these are prepared at. Cannabis does need to be "decarbed" to activate the THC content which can be done though a specific heating process or in the case of tinctures, it can be extracted over a long period of time without heat. Over-heating cannabis in edibles is something we want to avoid so we can have the components available when we consume them. When smoking, vaping or dabbing, the product is decarbed when heating at the time of use, so this isn't an issue. Edibles are decarbed during the preparation process, but you don't want your edible to be overheated and have the components burn away before you eat the product.
A product is considered RAW when it is
heated below 118 degrees Fahrenheit. Because the temperature doesn't destroy the nutrients in the food, it is considered raw.
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